Furthermore, q1, q2 and q3=q12 are model constants, f(εmp) is the volume fraction,σy(εmp) is the yield stress, εmp is the equivalent plastic strain.
q1=q2=1 The original Gurson model is recovered.
q1=0 The von Mises model is recovered.
The following is a visualization of the yield surface in the p−q plane.
Evolution of Equivalent Plastic Strain
The evolution of εmp is assumed to be governed by the equivalent plastic work expression,
The evolution of volume fraction consists of two parts.
Δf=Δfg+Δfn,
where
Δfg=(1−f)Δεv,Δfn=AΔεmp
with
A=sN2πfNexp(−21(sNεmp−εN)2).
Parameters fN, sN and εN controls the normal distribution of volume fraction. If fN=0,
the nucleation is disabled. In this case, when f0=0, the volume fraction will stay at zero regardless of strain
history.
There is no consideration of coalescence in the current implementation.
Recording
This model supports the following additional history variables to be recorded.